The safety of melatonin is still being studied, and in some countries the supplement is only available with a prescription. However, according to the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, short-term use is safe for most users. Because it is considered a dietary supplement, melatonin is not strictly regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and does not have an official recommended dose.
What you need to know before trying melatonin
Those considering the use of melatonin should consult with their healthcare provider to determine if the supplement is appropriate for them, as well as the appropriate dosage. Before taking melatonin, please note the following:
Side effects: Although melatonin is generally well tolerated, some people experience dizziness, headache, nausea, and difficulty sleeping during the day. In addition to possible bedwetting and general irritability, children also experienced these symptoms. Other reported side effects include vivid dreams or nightmares, stomach cramps, decreased sex drive, low sperm count, and enlarged male breasts (gynecomastia).
Allergic reactions: Melatonin can cause allergic reactions and interfere with medications. People who take prescription medications should not take melatonin without first talking to their doctor.
Emotional imbalance. According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, melatonin is not recommended for people with dementia and can worsen symptoms in anyone with depression.
Pregnancy: Medical experts recommend that pregnant women not take melatonin because there is not enough research to determine how it affects fertility, pregnancy, or breastfeeding.
Age: Children need different doses of melatonin, often lower, and a dose that is too high can put you at risk of seizures. Melatonin should only be given to children after consulting a pediatrician. Similarly, older adults should consult their healthcare provider before using melatonin, as it may remain active in their bodies for a long time and may cause daytime sleepiness.
Hormonal problems: Since melatonin is a hormone, experts advise people with hormonal issues to consult their doctor before using it. People with hormonal problems should only use melatonin under medical supervision. 
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